Art theme: portraits

A portrait is an artwork that depicts a specific individual. Initially, portraiture primarily consisted of paintings of the rich and powerful who had commissioned the work, but the genre has grown to depict a wider range of subjects over time and has been further democratised by photography. The term 'portrait' can also refer to an artwork's layout being taller than it is wide, as opposed to a landscape, which is the opposite.

Contextual background for teachers

Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear (1889)
Vincent van Gogh (1853–1890)

Medium: oil on canvas
Dimensions: H 60.5 x W 50 cm

Vincent van Gogh shows himself in his studio in Arles (in the south of France). He painted this portrait of himself just after leaving hospital, where his injured ear was bandaged. His friend and fellow artist Paul Gauguin had been staying with him and it is thought that, when Gauguin suddenly decided to leave, the already troubled artist became very upset and wounded his ear.

Van Gogh has either just come in from outside (there is an open door to the right), or his meagre studio is very cold, as he is wrapped up in an overcoat and fur-trimmed hat. On the left is a canvas with a hint of work in progress, possibly interrupted. On the right is a favourite Japanese print with the familiar triangle of Mount Fuji. Japanese art was an inspiration to Van Gogh, and Japan, like his home in Arles, was a place that fired his imagination.

Look, describe and discuss

Open a full-screen version of the zoomable image in a new window.

Ask your students to describe the artwork, encouraging them to simply say what they can see.

You can start by showing the whole image, and then use the zoom feature to explore details of the painting. Or you might like to start by using the zoom feature to show a detail from the image, and then zoom out to see more.

Encourage your students to look carefully – this is their superpower! It's best to not give too much background information about the artwork at this stage, so students can develop their own ideas and opinions.

An audio description of the painting is available to listen to. It is accompanied by a full written transcript which can also be used to describe the painting.There is also an audio and tactile book of the painting which can be borrowed from Living Paintings.

Nudge questions

Now when looking at the painting, ask more specific ('nudge') questions:

  • What is Vincent van Gogh wearing in this self-portrait?
  • Can you use his clothing to guess where he has been or what he has been doing?
  • Where do you think he is sitting?
  • If you were transported into this painting, what might you see, smell or hear?

Questions from The Superpower of Looking Kit

Now we can start to explore the 'elements' of the painting.

For this artwork, you will focus on:

Ask your students to evidence their points:

  • where exactly are they looking when they make a statement?
  • can everybody see what they see?
  • slow down, take time to really look closely

You can introduce knowledge from the contextual background for teachers while asking these bespoke questions with helpful responses which can be found in the teachers' notes.

Everyone learning

You can find out more about The Superpower of Looking SEND/ASD/ALN/ASN approach on the Superpower homepage.

Now it's time to explore the artwork in different ways. This list of sensory activities encourages students to apply their learning and can suit a variety of learning needs.

Make

We suggest creative activities for all learners, including a tactile option to support students with vision impairment: these activities explore the tactile qualities of materials or involve gestural mark-making to further explore the artwork.

  • Draw your own self-portrait, using a mirror to help you like in this video on how to draw a lifelike portrait from BBC Teach. Students could explore other examples of self-portraiture on Art UK. If appropriate, this activity may also be a good opportunity to discuss the idea of the 'selfie' and how people's presentation of themselves online may differ from reality.
  • Tactile option: Use wax crayons or oil pastels to recreate Van Gogh's mark-making technique. Each mark is a short thick line. Layers of these marks in different tones make up the blocks of colour in his paintings. To adapt this activity to support students with vision impairment, consider making a tactile border around a shape they can colour in. This can be made by laying the sheet of paper over a paper towel, and drawing the outline firmly with a pencil to make a ridge.

 

Experience

  • Listen to the audio description of the painting. 

  • Explore how colour affects our moods. Take a photo portrait with a neutral expression, and then use photo filters to change the tone. Try a warm (yellow, red) and cool (blue, green) tone. Do these filters affect how happy the person seems to look? 

 

Communicate

  • Ask your students to discuss what Van Gogh might paint next on the canvas on the easel behind him. We can see the start of a blue vine with green leaves.
  • Learn the Makaton sign for ‘bandage head’.

Final stage: review

Ask your students to:

  • share their sketchbooks in groups and discuss the 'elements' they have identified
  • choose an element/aspect they find most interesting about the artwork and record it in their sketchbooks
  • choose their own name/s for the title of the artwork
  • think of a question they would like to ask the artist

 

Congratulations!

You have now completed this lesson resource on The Superpower of Looking.

There are more resources in this theme to try – have a look at the 'next lessons' section below.

You can also find The Superpower of Looking videos on BBC Teach as part of their Art & Design 7–11 resources.


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