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Laurence Hyde was a statesman and writer who held prominent positions at the court of Louis IV in France, and at the Restoration courts of Charles II and James II. His sister, Anne Hyde, was the first wife of James when he was Duke of York; following the accession of his brother-in-law to the throne in 1685, Rochester became Lord High Treasurer but his devout Anglicanism eventually resulted in him losing this position. At the Glorious Revolution, he supported William and Mary and subsequently held important roles in Mary II’s household. This painting is a version of a signed full-length portrait by Kneller, also dated 1685 (NPG 4033). Rochester wears a fashionable, curled periwig and his peer’s coronation robes of crimson and ermine, with the three rows of blacktails denoting his rank of earl.
Kneller is known to have painted at least four portraits of the Earl of Rochester. It is likely that the Earl was known to the Howard family, who also held prominent positions at the Restoration court, explaining the presence of this portrait in The Suffolk Collection.
English Heritage, Kenwood
London
Title
Laurence Hyde (1642–1711), 1st Earl of Rochester
Date
1685
Medium
oil on canvas
Measurements
H 127.4 x W 103.5 cm
Accession number
88019190
Acquisition method
gift from Mrs Greville Howard, 1974
Work type
Painting
Inscription description
'The Erll of Rochester/ Lord High Treasurer/ to King Js 2nd/ G.Kneller fecit/ An 1685'
English Heritage, Kenwood
Hampstead Lane, London, Greater London NW3 7JR England
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