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Painted in or before 1820 when the painting was engraved. Napoleon, seen on the distant cliff, was in exile on the Mediterranean island of Elba from 4 May 1814 to 26 February 1815 when he escaped to France. On Elba Napoleon was allowed to have his own army of 700 men. The grenadier shown here has patched trousers and gaiters made of mattress ticking – details included by Vernet to suggest the hardships endured by Napoleon and his men in exile. The ship in the right background is presumably intended for L’Inconstant which carried Napoleon back to France.