Sculptor in wood, and teacher, born in London, where he died. He studied at Hammersmith School of Arts and Crafts, 1935–9, Central School of Arts and Crafts, 1943–4, at Ruskin School of Drawing, 1944–5, and at Slade School of Fine Art, 1945–8. It was there that his interest in sculpture developed, and after studying it at the Abbaye de la Cambre, Brussels, in 1948–49, within a couple of years or so he had abandoned painting for it. In 1952 had first solo show at Roland, Browse and Delbanco, gouaches and drawings. Ten years later first sculpture exhibition was part of a three-man show at AIA Gallery. Startup needed to teach, and was at Guildford School of Art, 1949–59, Willesden School of Art, 1954–8, Bath Academy of Art, 1960–2, Ealing School of Art from 1960, and Wimbledon School of Art, 1962–76.