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Notes
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In the mid-fifteenth century an Egyptian astronomer called 'Abd al-'Aziz ibn Muhammad al-Wafa'i al-Miqati, who was timekeeper (muwaqqit) at the mosque of al-Mu'ayyad in Cairo, invented an instrument that combined a qiblah compass with a sundial, which he called the da'irat al-mu'addil ('equatorial circle'). It was described by him and by later astronomers, including the Turkish admiral Seydi Ali Reis. Perhaps as a result of the work of Seydi Ali, the instrument became popular in Ottoman Turkey. The base plate of this instrument houses a magnetic compass is marked at the circumference with the names of various cities and so that, when aligned on the meridian, it gives the direction of Mecca. When correctly oriented, the instrument also functions as a sundial.
The Khalili Collections
London
Title
Da'irat al-Mu'addil
Date
1161 AH (1748–1749)
Medium
brass, beaten, cast & engraved, attached to a wooden base
Accession number
1011
Work type
Sculpture
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