The Virgin and Child with Saints Dominic and Catherine of Siena

Image credit: The National Gallery, London

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Notes

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This early work by Garofalo probably dates from about 1499–1502 when he was in Ferrara. Saint Dominic, the founder of the Dominican Order, is identified by the lily and the miraculous star on his chest. Saint Catherine of Siena is also a Dominican saint; her hands, feet and side are marked with Christ’s wounds, known as the stigmata.

The tethered monkey is an unusual feature and may represent man’s base nature disciplined by the Christian faith. It could have been copied from a monkey in an engraving by the German artist Dürer or from a real monkey in the Duke of Ferrara’s menagerie.

Christ’s sacrifice is symbolised by the goldfinch he holds on a string. The bird is traditionally associated with Christ’s Passion because of the legend that one flew down and took a thorn from Christ’s crown of thorns while he was on his way to the Crucifixion, and its head was marked red with Christ’s blood.

The National Gallery, London

London

Title

The Virgin and Child with Saints Dominic and Catherine of Siena

Date

about 1499-1502

Medium

Oil on wood

Measurements

H 46.3 x W 34.8 cm

Accession number

NG3102

Acquisition method

Layard Bequest, 1916

Work type

Painting

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