Painter, writer on art history and curator, born in Berlin, Germany. He studied at the University there and art with Max Liebermann the Impressionist painter and at the Studienateliers fuer Malerei und Plastik. As well as showing extensively abroad, after he came to England he exhibited at RA, AIA, NEAC, with the Leger and Leicester Galleries and in the provinces. From 1943–6 he was curator of the Ben Uri Gallery, London. Member of the Hampstead Artists’ Council. Lived in London and later in America.